Nevus oligemicus
| Nevus oligemicus | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Nevus oligemicus presents as a patch of livid skin that is cooler than the normal skin, as a result of decreased blood flow, in which vasoconstriction of deep vessels is thought to be the underlying defect.[1]
Signs and symptoms[edit]
In terms of clinical manifestation, the lesions appear as cyanotic, fixed, erythematous-violaceous patches or, in certain situations, as whitish, telangiectatic plaques.[2] These are typically found in the thighs and stomach area, while instances have also been reported on the hands,[3] chest, and thighs.[4] The primary clinical feature is the continued presence of cold skin to the touch when there isn't any obvious vascular ischemia nearby.[5]
Causes[edit]
There are no known triggers other than taking cold baths.[3] Obesity and inactive lifestyles have been identified as risk factors.[5]
Mechanism[edit]
Although the exact cause of the pathogenesis is unknown, aberrant vascular receptors appear to be the cause. This leads to changes in adrenergic activity, an increase in sympathetic tone, and ultimately vasoconstriction and a slowdown of deep dermal vascular flow. The chilly temperature over the lesion surface could be caused by these causes.[6]
Diagnosis[edit]
Skin temperature, which is typically at least 2°C lower than the surrounding skin, is the primary diagnostic indicator.[5] The diagnosis is primarily clinical, but if histology is done, it reveals blockage of the reticular dermal vessels and dilatation of the papillary dermal vessels with a normal number of vessels.[7]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. Page 582. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Fays, S.; Truchetet, F.; Cuny, J. F. (2001). "[Hamartoma oligemicus]". Annales de Dermatologie et de Venereologie. 128 (12): 1334–1335. ISSN 0151-9638. PMID 11908137.
- ^ a b Dupre, A.; Viraben, R. (1983). "Nevus oligemicus with sensory changes". Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 63 (2): 177–180. doi:10.2340/0001555563177180. ISSN 0001-5555. PMID 6189344.
- ^ Plantin, P.; Leroy, J.P.; Guillet, G. (1992). "Nevus oligemicus: A new case". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 26 (2): 268–269. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(08)80310-6. PMID 1552071.
- ^ a b c Mallo-García, S.; Coto-Segura, P.; Galache-Osuna, C.; Santos-Juanes-Jiménez, J. (2008). "[Six cases of nevus oligemicus]". Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas. 99 (4): 301–304. doi:10.1016/S0001-7310(08)74680-5. ISSN 0001-7310. PMID 18394407.
- ^ Batalla, A.; Flórez, á.; Posada, C.; De la Torre, C. (2013). "Nevus oligemicus: a case series". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 27 (3): e406-9. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04641.x. ISSN 0926-9959. PMID 22757690.
- ^ Gutiérrez-Paredes, E.; López-Castillo, V.; Revert-Fernández, Á.; Jordá-Cuevas, E. (2012). "Nevus Oligemicus on the Breasts: A Report of 2 Cases". Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition). 103 (5). Elsevier BV: 443–444. doi:10.1016/j.adengl.2012.06.010. ISSN 1578-2190.
Further reading[edit]
- Davies, M. G.; Greaves, M. W.; Coutts, A.; Black, A. K. (1981). "Nevus oligemicus. A variant of nevus anemicus". Archives of Dermatology. 117 (2): 111–113. doi:10.1001/archderm.1981.01650020053026. ISSN 0003-987X. PMID 7469431.
- Sempau, Leticia; Alonso-Alonso, Teresa; González-Morán, Asunción; Prada, Camino; Lamoca-Martín, Marta; Rodríguez-Prieto, Manuel Angel (2010-08-15). "[A new case of nevus oligemicus]". Dermatology Online Journal. 16 (8): 16. doi:10.5070/D394F53058. ISSN 1087-2108. PMID 20804693.